The Effect of Caseload Dynamics on the Initial Placements of Foster Children

Andrew Grogan-Kaylor
School of Social Work
University of Michigan
1080 S University
Ann Arbor MI 48109-1106
734-615-3369
agrogan@umich.edu
The type of foster care setting in which children are initially placed has been shown to have an effect on the pathways that children take through foster care.  For example, children who are placed with relatives are likely to be reunified more slowly with their biological parents than are children who are placed in nonrelative family foster care (Barth et al., 1994).

Surprisingly little published research has explored the factors which determine the type of child welfare facility into which children are initially placed when they are first removed from the care of their parents.  Almost no research has examined the organizational processes within the child welfare system that affect this placement decision.

This paper reports on a multinomial logit analysis of the factors that are associated with the initial placement of foster children.  The study finds that caseload level factors (such as the rate of caseload growth, and the availability of foster homes) have an effect on where foster children are placed even when one controls for the individual characteristics of children.  The results have important implications for child welfare policy and practice because they indicate that foster care outcomes for individual children are based not only on children's individual characteristics, but also on  caseload level factors.

Barth, R. P., Courtney, M. E., Berrick, J. D., & Albert, V. (1994). From Child Abuse to Permanency Planning:  Child Welfare Services Pathways and Placements. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.