Exploring The Relationship Between Services And The Recurrence Of Child Maltreatment

Diane DePanfilis
School of Social Work
University of Maryland
525 West Redwood St.
Baltimore MD 21201
410-706-3609
FAX: 410-706-6046
ddepanfi@ssw.umaryland.edu
 
Susan Zuravin
School of Social Work
University of Maryland
525 West Redwood St.
Baltimore MD 21201
410-706-3608
FAX: 410-706-6046
szuravin@ssw.umaryland.edu
Despite the fact that the success of Child Protective Services (CPS) intervention has been suggested to be synonymous with cessation of child maltreatment and that the federal government now requires states to report on the degree to which children are safe from recurrences of child maltreatment, there has been little effort to examine how services affect this outcome.
 
Objective:  Building on a previous model of recurrence, this study examined the relationship of services to the likelihood of child maltreatment recurrence in an urban jurisdiction.
 
Method: This non-concurrent prospective study selected 434 subject families who met study eligibility requirements from 1181 families randomly selected from the 2902 families who had experienced a substantiated report of child abuse or neglect during the sampling year. Data were collected and coded from archival sources for five years following the index report.  Data were analyzed with the Cox Proportional Regression Model.
 
Results:  Case characteristics that predicted recurrence were: child vulnerability, family stress, partner abuse, and social support deficits. After examining the potential effect of nine service-related variables only attendance at services predicted recurrence while controlling for other variables in the model.  Families who were noted to attend the services identified in their service plans were 33% less likely to experience a recurrence of child maltreatment while their case was active with CPS.
 
Conclusions:  Implications of this and other research suggests that actively engaging families in a helping alliance and helping them accept and receive services may reduce the likelihood of future maltreatment.