Attitudes and Beliefs about Domestic Violence: A Public Opinion Survey

Bonnie Carlson
School of Social Welfare
SUNY-Albany
135 Western AVenue
Albany NY 12222
(518)442-5356
FAX: (518)442-5380
carlson@albany.edu
 
Alissa Worden
School of Criminal Justice
SUNY-Albany
135 Western Ave.
Albany NY 12222
(518) 442-5214
aworden@albany.edu
Purpose: As community awareness has increased about domestic violence (DV), pressure has increased for society to enhance policy and services to ameliorate this costly social problem.  And yet very little information exist regarding what the public actually knows or believes about DV.  The purpose of the research was to measure public opinion regarding DV, specifically its nature, causes and what should be done to ameliorate it.

Methods: By telephone we surveyed 1200 respondents from six communities in New York State regarding their views about what constitutes DV, its causes and risk factors, its prevalence, and preferred criminal justice responses.  We hypothesized that (1) violence perpetrated by women would be less likely to be labeled DV than male violence; (2) that women, more educated Rs, and younger Rs would define violence more broadly; and (3) individuals from groups most likely to be victimized would make higher prevalence estimates.
 
Results: In general, there was stronger agreement that acts of physical violence committed by men than women constituted DV.  Regression analysis showed that gender and knowing a victim  (but not age or education) uniquely predicted scores on the Domestic Violence Index, a measure of five violent acts.  Rs reported that DV is a problem that occurs "sometimes" (the modal answer of 45% of the sample), with one in five saying it occurred "very often," and one in five saying it occurred "rarely or never." Prevalence estimates were strongly influenced by direct (victim or perpetrator) and indirect (know of a DV situation) experiences with DV in the predicted direction.  The most common causes identified were financial or work stress, substance abuse, anger or loss of control, relationship problems, exposure to family violence, adultery or jealousy, and perpetrator mental health problems.
 
Implications for policy: Results will discussed in terms of their implications for public education.