Predicting Clinical Practice Guideline Utilization Among Chemical Dependency
Professionals
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Thomas Davis
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University of Washington, Seattle
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5730 38th Ave NE
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Seattle WA 98105
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206-729-5233
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tomdavis@u.washington.edu
Purpose: Recent strides in substance abuse treatment have
led to the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment
of individuals with substance abuse disorders. One such CPG recommendation
is that chemical dependency professionals (CDPs) use a non-confrontational
counseling approach to address client denial. Because CPG utilization
research has been atheoretical in nature, the objective of this study was
to determine if Ajzen and Fishbein’s Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) could
be used to link CDP antecedent attitudes and normative pressures to probabilities
that CDPs will intend to adhere to the CPG recommendation. Because
CDPs who were also social workers were included in this study, there emerges
an opportunity to understand how attitudes and beliefs influence decisions
among social workers to adhere to a CPG.
Methods: Following TRA protocol, this research will first
report findings from 19 CDP interviews designed to capture CDP beliefs
and normative pressures in response to the CPG. Second, this research
will report findings from a cross-sectional survey of a 126 CDPs in 10
treatment facilities in Washington State using a theoretically-driven survey
instrument designed to predict CDP intention to adhere to the CPG.
Results: Correlation analysis revealed that “researchers” (.31**)
and “continuing education courses” (.31**) account for nearly 20% of the
normative pressures on CDPs to adopt the CPG. Multiple regression
analysis revealed that CDP beliefs (.41**) and normative pressures (.22*)
account for nearly one third of the variance in CDP intention to adhere
to the CPG. Independent sample t-tests revealed that CDPs who engage
in professional development activities hold more favorable beliefs toward
the CPG.
Implications for clinical practice: TRA can be used to
predict CPG utilization. Findings augment RSWPs’ special volume (May
1999) devoted to practice guidelines and clinical social work.