The study utilized a mixed methodology, supplementing quantitative analysis with qualitative data. The sample consisted of 310 long-term self-help agency users in Northern California. Participants completed a series of interview questions at baseline (N=310) and after six months (N=248). A separate group (N=15) of long-term users participated in intensive semi-structured personal interviews to explore the various subjective meanings attached to SHA community membership. Social network analysis was used to examine the nature and structure of support mechanisms for participants, as well as to assess levels of community membership.
A series of multiple logistic and linear regression models considering demographic, organizational, and disability-related factors, indicated that those who are organizationally empowered, and place less value on concrete agency services were more likely to have other SHA members and psychiatric patients in their social networks. Alternately, African Americans in the sample were significantly less likely to include both types of individuals in their social networks.
This study highlights several key findings about consumer participation in SHAs. Both individual and organizational characteristics play a role in fostering membership in the mental health self-help community. Since informal peer-based support has been shown to occupy an important place for adult consumers of mental health services, the SHA has emerged as a potential locus for encouraging the development of such support among members. Implications for the organization and delivery of consumer-based mental health services are discussed.